Retinal Disorders

The retina is the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye that senses light and sends signals to the brain for vision. Retinal disorders refer to any condition that affects the retina, leading to vision problems or even permanent vision loss if untreated. Common retinal disorders include diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, macular degeneration, and retinal vein/artery occlusion.

• ● Diabetes: High blood sugar damages retinal blood vessels (diabetic retinopathy)
• ● High blood pressure: Can cause bleeding or vessel blockage in the retina
• ● Aging: Macular degeneration is common in people over 50
• ● Eye trauma: Can cause retinal tears or detachment
• ● Genetic factors: Inherited retinal disorders like retinitis pigmentosa
• ● Blood clot or vascular issues: Retinal vein or artery occlusion

Early detection is crucial as some retinal disorders may progress without noticeable symptoms until significant vision loss occurs.

3. What are the symptoms of retinal disorders?

• ● Sudden or gradual loss of vision
• ● Floaters (spots) or flashes of light
• ● Blurred or distorted vision
• ● Shadows or curtains across vision (in retinal detachment)
• ● Difficulty reading or recognizing faces (in macular disorders)
• ● Dark or empty areas in vision

If any sudden vision changes occur, emergency evaluation is necessary to prevent permanent loss.